眉山彭山青神仁壽夾江活性炭廢氣處理設(shè)備,一家集廢氣處理、有廢氣處理、廢水處理等污染排放企業(yè)配套的廢氣處理設(shè)備廠家,生產(chǎn)和研發(fā)各種廢氣處理設(shè)備,是中國*的廢氣處理廠家。
Keywords:industrial waste gas;treatment technology;efficiency analysisbiomass energy,solar energy,geothermal energy and ocean energy and other renewable energy. The industry is in the bud. Market,capital and other various aspects condition is very weak. If country does not carry tax incentives and welfare on these industries,it will have very deep influence on its future development. Preferential tax is mainly for the early stage of the profit distribution,especially for operating profit tax. Enterprises engaged in environmental protection,energy conservation and water saving projects in line with the conditions of the transfer of income can be exempted from the reduction of enterprise income tax. Countries need to focus on the support of high-tech enterprises,reduced by 15% of the tax rate levied on corporate income tax. Enterprise comprehensively utilize resources,production in line with cutting costs,for these enterprises governments should reduce part of stamp duty. Enterprises’ some fixed assets exists depreciation of equipment,tax adjustments should be based on the actual income. Obviously ocean energy is included in the guide catalog but in reality they have not enjoy any preferential tax,so it is necessary to make specific rules,as well as the feasible operation,rather than a dead letter.4 Conclusion2ReferencesThe United Nations Educational,The United Nations World Water Development Report 2015 :Scientific and Cultural Organization. Water for a sustainable world :UNESCO,2015.Li Yunwu,Ocean energy exploitation . Bei Jing :Ocean press,2008Yan Jianhua. The reading of tidal test station,1969-2005. Beijing :China Electric Power Press,2008Zhang Yong,Research of energy resources legal system Beijing :China Economic Times Press,2008Hou Guiru,The renewable energy legislation and its revelation from USA. Journal of Zheng Zhou University,2009,Lei Zhuangyan,The construction and improvement of the legal system of China’s ocean renewable energy utilization.。
揮發(fā)性有機(jī)廢氣(VOCS)是指沸點(diǎn)在 50~260 ℃、室溫下飽和蒸氣壓超過 133.3 Pa 的易揮發(fā)性有機(jī)化合物,其主要成分為烴類、硫化物、氨等。有機(jī)廢氣是有害人體健康的污染物質(zhì),它與大氣中的 NO2反應(yīng)生成 O3,可形成光化學(xué)煙霧,并伴隨著異味、惡臭散發(fā)到空氣中,對人的眼、鼻和呼吸道有刺激作用,對心、肺、肝等內(nèi)臟及神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生有害影響,
有些則是影響人體某些器官和機(jī)體的反應(yīng)源,甚至造成急性和慢性中毒,可致癌、致突變,同時可導(dǎo)致農(nóng)作物減產(chǎn)。因此,VOCS處理越來越受到各國的重視,許多發(fā)達(dá)國家都頒布了相應(yīng)的法令以限制VOCS的排放,已成為大氣污染控制中的一個熱點(diǎn)。目前國內(nèi)外對治理揮發(fā)性有機(jī)廢氣開展了大量的研究和應(yīng)用,下面將對這些處理技術(shù)加以介紹。
1 吸附處理技術(shù)
吸附法是利用多孔性固體吸附劑處理流體混合物,使其中所含的一種或數(shù)種組分濃縮于固體表面上,以達(dá)到分離的目的。吸附法在 VOCS的處理過程中應(yīng)用極為廣泛,主要用于低濃度高通過量有機(jī)廢氣(如含碳?xì)浠衔飶U氣)的凈化。該方法去除率高,無二次污染,凈化效率高,操作方便,且能實(shí)現(xiàn)自動控制;不足之處是由于吸附容量受限,不適于處理高濃度有機(jī)氣體,當(dāng)廢氣中有膠粒物質(zhì)或其它雜質(zhì)時,吸附劑易失效,同時吸附劑需要再生。 吸附法的關(guān)鍵問題就在于對吸附劑的選擇。吸附劑要具有密集的細(xì)孔結(jié)構(gòu),內(nèi)表面積大,吸附性能好,化學(xué)性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定,耐酸堿,耐水,耐高溫高壓,不易破碎,對空氣阻力小。常用的吸附劑主要有活性炭(顆粒狀和纖維狀)、活性氧化鋁、硅膠、人工沸石等。目前在采用吸附法治理有機(jī)廢氣中,活性炭的性能,其去除率高,物流中有機(jī)物濃度在1000×10
-6以上,吸附率可達(dá) 95%以上。活性炭又有顆粒狀和纖維狀兩類,處理氣體要從外向內(nèi)擴(kuò)散,通過距離較長,所以吸附脫附都慢;而纖維狀活性炭孔分布均勻,而且絕大部分是 1.5~
3.0 nm 小孔,比表面積大,由于小孔直接開口向外,氣體擴(kuò)散距離短,因而吸附和脫附都快。因此,在活性炭吸附劑中,又以活性炭纖維的應(yīng)用為廣泛。國內(nèi)外近幾年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),經(jīng)過氧化鐵或臭氧處理過的活性炭具有更好的吸附性能,研究表明氧化后的活性炭具有更強(qiáng)的親和力,對各種有機(jī)氣體的吸附有效傳質(zhì)系數(shù)比未處理過的活性炭更大。此外,吸附法與其它凈化方法的集成技術(shù)治理眾多行業(yè)的有機(jī)廢氣,在國內(nèi)得到了推廣應(yīng)用。如采用液體吸附和活性炭吸附法聯(lián)合處理高濃度可回收苯乙烯廢氣;采用吸附法和催化燃燒法聯(lián)合處理丙酮廢氣等。吸附法與其它凈化方法聯(lián)用后不僅避免了兩種方法各自的缺點(diǎn),而且具有吸附效率高,無二次污染等特點(diǎn)。